Assessing Community Media Participation for Sustainable Geothermal Development A Case Study of Mount Suswa, Kenya

Abstract

Many rural communities worldwide still rely on community media as their most accessible and trusted source of information due to its roots in community ownership, control, and nonprofit operation. However, despite its significant potential to amplify local voices and promote inclusive development, community media often faces critical challenges. This study aimed to investigate the impact of community media involvement on information sharing, community empowerment, and conflict prevention in geothermal projects. The study was guided by Participation Theory, which emphasizes inclusive engagement, empowerment, and shared decision-making among stakeholders. A qualitative research approach was adopted. The target population consisted of selected individuals, community media practitioners, opinion leaders, and stakeholders involved in geothermal development in the Mount Suswa area. A sample was selected using both purposive and stratified random sampling techniques to ensure adequate representation. Data were collected through key informant interviews and focus group discussions. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically. The main findings indicated that community media plays a vital role in facilitating two-way communication, increasing community awareness, reducing mistrust, and strengthening local participation in decision-making processes related to the geothermal project at Mount Suswa. Nevertheless, their effectiveness is hindered by insufficient funding, limited training, policy gaps, and technological barriers such as the digital divide. The study concluded that meaningful participation via community media is crucial for promoting transparency, reducing conflict, and ensuring the equitable sharing of benefits from geothermal development. Despite their potential, community media require structural and financial support to perform these roles effectively. The study recommends that a joint national effort should strengthen community media through supportive policies, funding, training, and participatory engagement in geothermal development. The findings point to the transformative role of participatory communication in ensuring equitable and conflict-free development in marginalized rural settings.