Animal Movement into western Kenya: The dynamics on introduction of cystic echinococcosis in a non-endemic region

Abstract

Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) is endemic in humans and livestock in many pastoral communities in Kenya. The distribution of the disease is enhanced by several factors, including livestock trade, which has allowed for the spread of CE to non-endemic areas such as western Kenya. Documentation of a net inward trade in livestock from neighboring counties, open disposal of offal within slaughterhouse compounds, continuous scavenging opportunities by roaming dogs, as well as frequent interactions between humans, livestock, and dogs, indicate the possible establishment of the parasite’s life cycle in this study area, with consequent public health implications and economic loses. The measures to control infection by the parasite will require further understanding of the impact of animal movement and other transmission dynamics.